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Odd electron fragment ions are formed by direct cleavage(e.g. Molecular ions formed in electron impact ionization are odd electron ions. Fragment ions can be odd electron or even electron. The fragmentation of a given ion is due to the excess of energy that it requires within the ionization. Some of this molecular ions decompose and fragment ions are formed. One electron from the highest orbital energy is dislodged, and as a consequence molecular ions are formed. Sample molecules in vapor state are bombarded by fast moving electrons, conventionally 70 eV energy. The volatility of the sample is required.
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One of the main factor in choosing which ionization technique to be used is thermolability. Depending on the samples chemical and physical properties, different ionization techniques can be used. The instrument used could be considered as a sophisticated balance which determines with high precision the masses of individual atoms and molecules. Mass spectrometry consists basically of weighing ions in the gas phase. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of components in a mixture.
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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that involves the study in the gas phase of ionized molecules with the aim of one or more of the following: Separation Methods for Coupling with Mass Spec.Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization.
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This tutorial discusses basic aspects of mass spectrometry that will be helpful to you in deciding the proper techniques and measurements for your research samples.